Shaft-kiln with generator-gas firing.



E. SGHMATOLLA.

SHAFT KILN WITH GENERATOR GAS FIRING.

APPLIOATION IILED FEB. 25, 1907.

Patented Apr. 6, 1909.

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APPLIUATION FILED FEB. 25, 1907.

Patented Apr. 6-, 1909.

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SHAFT KILN WITH GENERATOR GAS FIRING.

Patented Apr. 6, 1909.

APPLICATION FILED 191113.25, 1907.

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E. SGHMATOLLA. I SHAFT KILN WITH GENERATOR GAS FIRING.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 25, 1907. 91 7,667. Patented Apr. 6, 1909. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

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SHAFT- KILN WITH GENERATOR-GAS FIRING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 6, 1909.

' Application filed-Februar as, 1907. Serial No. 359,217.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNST SCHMATOLLA, mining engineer, siding at 22 Halleschestrasse, Berlin, S. W., of Prussia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Shaft- Kilns with Generator-Gas Firin for Burning Lime, Dolomite, Magnesite, ement, and other Materials, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to gas-kilns and an important object is to provide a gaskiln in which producer-gas and air are supplied in a novel manner on the one hand, and in which the kiln-gases are conducted away in a special manner on .the other hand, whereby complete combustion of the r0 ducer-gas in the kiln, equal distribution of the fire over the whole section of the shaft and complete utilization of the heat in the kiln are obtained.

order that the invention may be clearly understood reference ismade to the accompanying drawings in which several embodiments are represented by Way of example and in which:

Figiire l is a vertical sectional elevation showing the general construction of the kiln, the connection with the gas-producer being shown. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line- B -B of Fig. 1, through the discharge outlets of the shaft-kiln. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the angles to Fig. 1. in the kiln in a plane at right Fig. 4 a horizontal section plane AA in Fig. 1' and Fig. 5 a

- horizontal section in the lane CC in Fig.

through the walls,

'1. Figs. 6, 7 ,and 8show a modification in which the section of the shaft is oval to allow of greater production. A device has been provided by means of which the producer gas may be introduced not' only but also through the center of the shaft. This modification is 7 shown in Fig.6 in vertical section in the plane DD 1n Fig. 7, in Fig. 7 in horizontal section in the plane E-E in Fig. 6, and in Fig. 8 in horizontal section in the plane FF in Fig. 6. Figs. 9 and 10 show another modification which is a further development of the modification shown in Figs. 6 to 8. Thismodification is also for a shaft-kiln with producer-'gasfiring for high production,but the section of the shaft is circular. Fig. 9 is a horizontal section of this modification .corresponding to the hona citizen of Germany, re

zontal section in Fig. 7, whereas Fig. 10 is a vertical section in the plane G-G in 9. .Fig. 11 is another modification showing the upper part of a kiln of oval section providing means for conducting away the gases from the kiln in a modified manner, and Fig. 12 is a section in the-plane HH in Fig 11. I 1

Referring to'the drawing, the kiln shown in-Figs. 1 to 5 principally consists of the shaft a, which will be continually full of the material to be burned, and the producer b. The producer-gas passes through the gas flue or channel a to below the center of 'the shaft and thence through branch flues (Z and vertical fines e and through the-openings f into the interior of the shaft. Above the vertical fiues or channels 0 there" are arranged dampers g for accurately distribut- I in the producer-gas and for regulating its ad i nission to the 'burning shaft or chamber. The producer-gas has of course a strong tendency to rise in the vertical channels 6. The peculiar arrangement of these vertical channels makes it possible to mix air with the producer-gas at two points one above the other within the vertical channels, in order to give the flame a temperature which is the most advantageous for the process employed. If, for example, the quantity of air necessary for the combustion of the producer-gas is first of all introduced at 6 from the pipes h, the producer-gas will be completely burned in the vertical channel be low the slides 9 mitted from plpes 2' below the slides g, or even above the latter, it is impossible to lower the temperature of the fire toa certain degree If air then is again ad-v of temperature and this is very important,

when burning plaster or stones which only stand a somewhat low temperature. Moreover, losses of heat by radiation from the vertical channels (2 may be avoided by surroundingthe latter with the air channels 6'. It will generally be possible, for example, when white-lime is to be burned,'to do awa with the admission of air through the vertlcal gas-Hues i, since it is preferable in such cases to burn the producer-gas Withinthe shaft in the spaces between the pieces of material to be burned. v The air necessary for the combustion of the producer-gas is supplied to the kiln in a peculiar and novel manner.- It is supplied t roug the co ling shaft e that art of ing-shaft.

. and 8 the lower part of the coolin -shaft is the shaft which is situated below the gasinlets. At the lowest end of the cooling shaft there are discharge-doors k arranged provided with slides for regulating the admission of air. .Above these discharge-doors the shaft is contracted as may be seen from the drawing. Air, is not admitted through the discharge-doors 72 however, but through discharge-doors k which are situated below the discharge doors 7c. The discharge-doors k lead to a lower continuation m of the cool- The diameter of this continuation is, however, considerablysmaller than the diameter of the cooling shaft above the upper discharge-doors. In thismanner the airintroduced through the lowerdoors I0 is admitted near the innermost or central part of the shaft on the one hand, and it is possible to Withdraw the lime or other material from the center .and to avoid the formation of cones of cinders on the other hand. By this means it is possible to bring about an equal distribution of air over the cross-section of the shaft, and to introduce more air in the center and less near the walls of the shaft as desired, in order to prevent these walls being too much affected by the fire. In connection with this it may be remarked that oneof the drawbacks of "the older shaft-kilns for producer-gas firing is that the fire-brick lining is too quickly de-' stroyed in the burning-zone, because com bustion takesplace chiefly close to the walls, whereas the fire is more or less prevented from reaching the center of the shaft. This necessitates the cross-sectionof the kiln being, made relatively small, whereas the present invention makes it possible toconstruct shaft-kilns for producer-gas firing with a considerably greater cross-section and to thereby increase production.

Means for raising the production to a still higher degree are shown in Figs. 6,7, 8, 9,

and 10.

In the modification shown in Figs. 6,\ 7

divided into two parts by means o a bridge n which is sloped like a roof. The lower continuation m of the cooling-shaft is accordingly divided into two parts m-m.

discharge-door 7c". The bridge n is provided with gas-su ply channels or flues o. The air along the Walls of the bridge n. The ma I terial burned by the producer-gassupplied at the center of theshaft is chieflywithdrawn in a cooled condition through the pit m and the lower discharge-doors is. One feature of the invention therefore not only consists in the arrangements of the channels in the bridge, but also. inthe combina 7 tion of the bridge containing the gas-supply fiues with the lower continuatlons m of the cooling-shaft, whereby, as will be readily understood, peculiar effects are produced.

As may be seen from Figs. 7 and 8, the bridge is built of specially shaped pieces forming vaults, whereby the bridge n is prevented from collapsing. I

The modification of the invention shown in Figs. 9 and 10 only substantially differs from that shown in Figs. 68 in that, instead of one bridge serving for admitting gas, two bridges n are arranged crossing each other, whereby instead of two lower continuations m of the cooling-shaft, four are formed. The core p being common to the four bridges may serve for receiving an outer stiffening. 1

Figs. 11 and 12 show one constructional form of the charging device for use in connection with shaft-kilns with producer-gas firing according to the present invention. The charging device is particularly foruse in such cases where materials are to be burnedthat burst or fall to pieces when suddenly heated, as e. g. somecement-stones and clay-lumps. The improvement consists substantially in the arrangement of a preliminary heating-shaft in connection with a peculiar device for carrying off the kiln gases. By this means it is attained that,

after a fresh charge has been supplied the kiln-gases only partially pass through the fresh material or do not pass through it at all since they are led oif through lateral channels 9 and chimney 3. After the stones have become hot the dampers or slides s of the chimneys are entirely or partly closed,

and-instead of them slides t over the cover t Having thus described my invention what 7 I claim is: The latter are accessible through the lower 1. In a shaft-kiln with producer-gas firing the combination of theshaft (a) with the upper dischar ing-doors (k) and a contracted part 0 the shaft lying above said upper discharging-doors andthe lower discharging doors (.k), and a second contracted part of the shaft arranged between said upper and lower discharging doors, as and for the purpose set forth and represented in the drawings.

2. In a shaft-kiln with roducer-gas firing the combination of a sha t of oval cross-section with a cooling-shaftand a bridge divid ing the lower part of said coolin shaft f and gas-supply fiues arranged in said bridge,

erase?" g In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ERNST SGHMATOLLA.

and upper and lower discharge-doors sup plying air to the gas streaming through the gas-fines of the bridge to the shaft and a1- lowing to discharge the burned material 5 through said lower discharge-doors, for the Witnesses:

purpose set forth and represented in the ac- VVOLDEMAR HAUPT, companying drawings.

' JOHN W.DYE. 

